FSHβ亚基基因和ESR基因的多态性对莱芜猪合成系产仔数的影响

研究分析了莱芜猪合成系及其育种素材莱芜黑猪和大约克夏猪FSHβ亚基基因和ESR基因的多态性及其与产仔性能的关系。结果表明:对于FSHβ亚基基因,莱芜猪合成系群体内AB基因型占多数,而在莱芜黑猪和大约克夏群体内分别以AA基因型和BB基因型占绝对优势;FSHβ亚基基因的3种基因型中,以AA基因型的产仔数最高,但各基因型间差异没达到显著水平。对于ESR基因,在3个猪种内,AA和AB基因型均占优势,BB基因型频率很低,且莱芜黑猪群体内未检测到BB基因型。由于ESR基因在莱芜猪合成系及莱芜黑猪和大约克夏猪均表现出极端的偏态分布及样本数量少,因此难以精确计算出各基因型在产仔数上的差异。     

桑树资源综合利用研究概述

蚕丝业起源于中国,栽桑养蚕是中华民族几千年来的古老传统,形成农、工、商、贸一体化的特色丝绸产业.一直以来,蚕桑生产的主要产品是蚕茧,目的产物是生丝."种好桑、养好蚕、产好丝"是传统蚕业的固有思维模式和生产习惯.     

Temperature affects color and quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs

Red color plays a very important role when wax apple fruits are purchased. Temperature is one of the key factors among those influencing red color development. We evaluated the effects of temperature on color formation and other quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs by using constant, slow-increase, fast-increase, transient shifting to high temperature, shifting to high temperature for different length of time and different day/night temperature regimes. The results show temperature has pronounced effects on quality attributes of wax apple fruit discs. Anthocyanin and total soluble solid (TSS) were greatest in the 20 °C treated discs under constant temperatures. In the slow-increase and fast-increase treatments, quality attributes in disc were better in treatments with a final temperature of 25 °C than of 30 °C. The concentration of soluble sugars (SS), starch, total phenolic compounds (TPC), free amino acids (FAA) and soluble protein (SP) all decreased with increasing temperature. Transient shifting to high temperature of 30 °C for 1-day had no effect on pigmentation but treatment periods from 3- to 5-days had a substantial adverse effect. At 30 °C for 5-days, exposed discs had the lightest weight and shortest diameter as well. Both SS and TPC decreased in the 3- and 5-day treatments. When temperature was shifted from 20 to 30 °C for 2 to 11 days, the widest and heaviest discs were found in the 5-day treatment. Anthocyanin and TSS concentration decreased following increased length of exposure to high temperature. Pigmentation of discs exposed to high temperature treatment was worse than in uncultured controls. Both protein and FAA concentrations decreased after culture. Among the 5 different day/night temperature combinations, discs under 25/20 °C had the highest anthocyanin and TSS concentrations, while those under 30/15 °C had the worst.     

Diploid female gametes induced by colchicine in Oriental lilies

The young flower buds of diploid Oriental cultivars: ‘Con. Amore’ and ‘Acapulco’ (Lilium) were treated with 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% colchicine to induce diploid egg (female gamete). The treated young buds between the two cultivars were crossed reciprocally as female parents with normal pollen respectively. The polyploid plants were identified by measuring stoma size and chromosome number. The results showed: that triploid progenies could be obtained through this way, and the fact that the treated young flower buds were successfully used as female parents indicated the formation of 2n or 2x egg cells. The above results implied that polyploidization by artificially induced diploid female gametes could be a powerful method to create novel variations in the breeding of Oriental lilies.     

人口发展与城市化水平预测——以乌兰察布市为例

科学预测人口城市化水平,对相关政策的制定、制度的改革、城市配套设施的建设以及解决就业问题都具有重要意义。本文以乌兰察布市为例,对地区总人口进行预测的基础之上,运用劳动力结构模型、劳动力地域转移模型等多种数学模型,预测了城镇人口城市化水平和非农业人口的城市化水平。最后,选取与城市化相关的七项指标,对城市化水平进行了综合预测。     

7种小蠹虫酯酶同工酶的比较研究

检疫性小蠹虫的鉴定,因其虫体小,种间形态特征难以准确把握,给木材的检疫工作带来较大困难。当遇到幼虫时还需饲养为成虫再进行鉴定,增加了工作难度。应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对俄罗斯进境木材7种小蠹虫幼虫、成虫的酯酶同工酶进行了比较分析。结果表明7种小蠹虫幼虫酶带数目均比成虫多,酶活性也较成虫强。幼虫和成虫之间有多条迁移率接近的酶带,酶带相似性及聚类分析均证明可以将这些酶带作为种的特征性谱带。研究表明,当形态特征作为鉴定标准较难准确掌握时,可用幼虫或成虫同工酶电泳图谱来鉴定其种类。     

小麦秆锈菌新小种Ug99及其对我国的影响分析

Ug99(TTKS)是1999年在乌干达首次发现的对最重要小麦抗秆锈病基因Sr31有强毒力的秆锈菌新小种。大量证据显示:该小种不仅具有极其特殊的毒力组合而且传播十分迅速,除在中非乌干达、东非肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、苏丹流行外,Ug99现已越过红海、传到了阿拉伯国家也门,以及巴基斯坦的沿海地区,越来越逼近我国。Ug99堪称我国的超毒小种,我国最典型的秆锈菌小种只能分别克服或Sr5或Sr9 e或Sr11单基因抗性,而Ug99不仅具有Sr5、Sr9 e、Sr11的联合毒力,而且还具有Sr21、Sr31、Sr38的联合毒力,而我国从未有小种能克服后者的抗性。1B/1L(含Sr31)易位系曾是我国使用的重要秆锈抗源,必对Ug99高度脆弱,我国118份小麦品种在KARI的测定结果表明,高感品种频率98.3%。一旦Ug99入侵我国,其他流行条件也完全具备。因此,充分作好防范Ug99流行的准备十分必要。     

孝感市农药市场管理现状及对策

1997年5月8日,国务院发布实施《农药管理条例》,明确赋予农业行政主管部门负责农药监督管理工作。孝感市农业局授权孝感市农药监督管理站具体承担监督管理任务。几年来,由于各级农业行政主管部门高度重视,各级农药管理部门积极开展工作,取得了明显的成效。突出表现在全市农药市     

70%氨唑草酮防除玉米田杂草试验报告

70%氨唑草酮WDG可有效防除玉米田阔叶杂草并可兼除部分禾本科杂草。用量280 g a.i./hm2,药后45 d对小藜的株防效为80.8%,鲜重防效为83.5%;对婆婆纳的株防效为90.6%,鲜重防效为91.1%;对狗尾草的株防效为57.4%,鲜重防效为71.3%。     

溴甲烷土壤消毒替代技术研究进展

概述了溴甲烷替代品的新进展。在土壤消毒方面,新的进展有化学替代品:氯化苦胶囊、氯化苦乳剂、氯化苦+噻唑磷混用、C₂N₂、氰铵化钙、异硫氰酸烯丙酯、异硫氰酸甲酯、1,3—二氯丙烯和氯化苦混剂、碘甲烷、环氧丙烷、叠氮化合物、硫酰氟等。在使用技术上,采用化学灌溉和注射施药技术进一步提高药剂分布的均匀性。在非化学替代技术上,生物熏蒸和有机质补充正受到重视。减少溴甲烷的技术正在快速地发展。